This is a standard publicity photo taken to promote a film role. As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honthaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook, (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.):
"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
Nancy Wolff, includes a similar explanation:
"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." (The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook By Nancy E. Wolff, Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.)--Wikiwatcher1 (talk) 09:35, 15 December 2009 (UTC)
Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989) p. 87, writes:
"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
ترخيص
Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse
يقع هذا العمل في النِّطاق العامّ لأَنَّه نُشِر في الولايات المُتحدة بين 1929 و1963م مع احتمال وجود إِشعار لحقوق التَّأليف والنَّشر، إِلا أَنَّه لم يُجدَد. لمزيدٍ مِن التَّفاصيل، انظر كومنز:مخطط هيرتيل. يُرجى الانتباه إِلى أَن هذا العمل قد يَكُون ما يَزال محمياً في الولايات القضائِيَّة الَّتي لا تُطبِّق قاعِدة حكم الفترة الأَقصر على الأَعمال الأَمريكيَّة (حسب تاريخ وفاة المؤلف)، مثلاً 50 عاماً بعد تاريخ الوفاة في كندا، و50 عاماً في برِّ الصِّين الرَّئِيسيِّ الَّذي لا يَشمل هونغ كونغ وماكاو، و70 عاماً في أَلمانيا و100 عاماً في المَكسيك، و 70 عاماً في سويسرا.
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2010-09-01 20:48 Wikiwatcher1 1000×1238× (134576 bytes) ({{Information |Description={{en|1=Studio portrait photo of Veronica Lake taken for promotional use.}} |Source=MGM studio promo portrait|Author=MGM |Date=circa 1952|Permission= |other_versions= }} {{PD-Pre1964}} ==Additional copyright details:== This is a standard publicity photo taken to promote a film role. As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in ''The Complete Film Production Handbook'', (Focal Press, 2001 p. 211.): :"Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary." Nancy Wolff, includes a similar explanation: :"There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them." (''The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook'' By Nancy E. Wolff, Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.)--[[User:Wikiwatcher1|Wikiwatcher1]] ([[User talk:Wikiwatcher1|talk]]) 09:35, 15 December 2009 (UTC) Film industry author Gerald Mast, in ''Film Study and the Copyright Law'' (1989) p. 87, writes: :"According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible." [[Category:American film actors]]
الشروحات
أضف شرحاً من سطر واحد لما يُمثِّله هذا الملف
Studio portrait photo of Veronica Lake, circa 1952