^Brown, James Duff: Biographical Dictionary of Musicians (Paisley and London: Alexander Gardner, 1886; reprint Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlag, 1970), p. 374.
^It is not exactly clear at which conservatory he studied. Lange's article in the German Wikipedia mentions a conservatory at Erfurt, but this was not founded before 1911. The nearest to Erfurt would have been at Leipzig. The French Wikipedia mentions the following names of teachers, and these were all involved as teachers at the Berlin institute.