عرض مصدر هايتن

{{رحلة فضائية
| name = Hiten-Hagoromo
| orbit_epoch = <!--the date at which the orbit parameters were correct-->
| landing_date = <!--when the spacecraft made a controlled landing, not needed if it did not return intact-->
| landing_site = <!--where the craft landed; site/runway or coordinates-->
<!--
    The following template should be used for ONE of the three above fields "end_of_mission", "decay" or "landing" if the spacecraft is no longer operational.
    If it landed intact, use it for the landing time, otherwise for the date it ceased operations, or the decay date if it was still operational when it re-entered.
    {{تاريخ نهاية|YYYY|MM|DD|hh|mm|ss|TZ=Z}} (for Zulu/UTC) or {{تاريخ نهاية|YYYY|MM|DD}} (if time unknown) 
-->

<!--orbit parameters-->
<!--as science-related articles, SI units should be the principal units of measurement, however we usually use {{حول}} to display imperial units in parentheses after the initial values-->| orbit_reference = <!--geocentric, selenocentric, etc - please link (e.g. [[مدار أرضي|Geocentric]])-->
| orbit_regime = <!--high, low, medium, molniya, GSO - please link (e.g. [[مدار أرضي منخفض|Low Earth]] - please don't use acronyms-->
| orbit_longitude = <!--geosynchronous satellites only-->
| orbit_slot = <!--Designation of orbital position or slot, if not longitude (e.g plane and position of a GPS satellite)-->
| orbit_semimajor = <!--semimajor axis-->
| orbit_eccentricity = <!--speed at which the spacecraft was travelling at epoch - only use for spacecraft with low orbital eccentricity-->
| orbit_periapsis = <!--periapsis altitude-->
| orbit_apoapsis = <!--apoapsis altitude-->
| orbit_inclination = <!--orbital inclination-->
| orbit_period = <!--time taken to complete an orbit-->
| orbit_repeat = <!--repeat interval/revisit time-->
| interplanetary = <!--Infobox spaceflight/IP can be called multiple times for missions with multiple targets or combined orbiter/lander missions, etc-->
 {{Infobox spaceflight/IP
   |type                = flyby
   |object              = [[القمر]]
   |orbits              = <!--number of orbits completed at target body (if applicable and known)-->
   |component           = <!--part of the spacecraft involved, if spacecraft split into multiple components-->
   |arrival_date        = 20:04:09, March 18, 1990
   |departure_date      = <!--Date of leaving orbit for orbiters, date of launch for landers which took off again-->
   |location            = <!--landing/impact site, including EOM impacts for atmospheric probes and lunar/asteroid orbiters-->
   |distance            = {{حول|16472.4|km|abbr=on}}
 }}

 {{Infobox spaceflight/IP
   |type                = orbiter
   |object              = [[القمر]]
   |orbits              = <!--number of orbits completed at target body (if applicable and known)-->
   |component           = <!--part of the spacecraft involved, if spacecraft split into multiple components-->
   |arrival_date        = 13:33, February 15, 1993
   |departure_date      = <!--Date of leaving orbit for orbiters, date of launch for landers which took off again-->
   |location            = <!--landing/impact site, including EOM impacts for atmospheric probes and lunar/asteroid orbiters-->
   |distance            = <!--closest approach distance for flybys, distance travelled on surface for rovers, omit for others-->
   
   <!--Orbit parameters, ONLY USE IF THE ABOVE ORBIT PARAMETERS SECTION DOESN'T APPLY TO THE TARGET-->
   |periapsis           = 6.52 Lunar radii
   |apoapsis            = 29.42 Lunar radii
   |inclination         = 34.7°
   |apsis               = selene
 }}

 {{Infobox spaceflight/IP
   |type                = impactor
   |object              = [[القمر]]
   |orbits              = <!--number of orbits completed at target body (if applicable and known)-->
   |component           = <!--part of the spacecraft involved, if spacecraft split into multiple components-->
   |arrival_date        = 18:03:25.7, April 10, 1993
   |departure_date      = <!--Date of leaving orbit for orbiters, date of launch for landers which took off again-->
   |location            = {{إحداثيات|34.3|S|55.6|E|globe:Moon}}
   |distance            = <!--closest approach distance for flybys, distance travelled on surface for rovers, omit for others-->
 }}

<!--transponder parameters-->| last_contact = <!--when last signal received if not decommissioned-->
| trans_band = <!--Transponder frequency bands-->
| trans_frequency = <!--specific frequencies-->
| trans_capacity = <!--capacity of the transponders-->
| trans_coverage = <!--area covered-->
| trans_TWTA = <!--TWTA output power-->
| trans_EIRP = <!--equivalent isotropic power-->
| trans_HPBW = <!--half-power beam width-->

<!--Only use where a spacecraft/mission is part of a clear programme of sequential missions. 
If in doubt, leave it out-->| programme = 
| previous_mission = 
| next_mission = <!--mission insignia or patch-->
| insignia = <!--omit the "file" prefix-->
| insignia_caption = <!--image caption-->
| insignia_alt = <!--image alt text-->
| decay_date = {{تاريخ نهاية|1993|04|10|18|03|25.7|7=Z}}
| deactivated = <!--when craft was decommissioned-->
| image = [[ملف:Hiten.gif|150px]]
| spacecraft = <!--Spacecraft name/serial number (e.g. Space Shuttle ''Discovery'', Apollo CM-118), etc-->
| image_caption = Hiten spacecraft
| image_alt = <!--image alt text-->
| image_size = <!--include px/em; defaults to 220px-->

<!--Basic details-->| mission_type = <!--e.g. Technology, Reconnaissance, ISS assembly, etc-->
| operator = [[Institute of Space and Astronautical Science|ISAS]]
| Harvard_designation = <!--spacecraft launched 1962 and earlier only (e.g. 1957 Alpha 2)-->
| COSPAR_ID = 1990-007A
| SATCAT = 20448
| website = [https://web.archive.org/web/20130511021112/http://www.isas.jaxa.jp/e/enterp/missions/hiten.shtml ISAS Hiten page]
| mission_duration = {{منذ سنة شهر يوم|1990|1|24|1993|4|10}}
| distance_travelled = <!--How far the spacecraft travelled (if known)-->
| orbits_completed = <!--number of times the spacecraft orbited the Earth - see below for spacecraft beyond Earth orbit-->
| suborbital_apogee = <!--altitude reached if spacecraft did not enter orbit-->

<!--Spacecraft properties-->| spacecraft_type = <!--e.g. GPS Block II, Kobalt-M, US-K, etc-->
| disposal_type = <!--Whether the spacecraft was deorbited, decommissioned, placed in a graveyard orbit, etc-->
| spacecraft_bus = <!--e.g. A2100M, Star-2, etc-->
| manufacturer = <!--company or companies who built the satellite-->
| launch_mass = {{حول|197.4|kg|abbr=on}}
| landing_mass = <!--Mass after landing (recovered spacecraft only)-->
| dry_mass = <!--spacecraft mass in orbit without fuel-->
| payload_mass = <!--Mass of cargo carried by spacecraft (e.g. for Space Shuttle), or total mass of instrumentation/equipment/experiments for mission-->
| dimensions = <!--body dimensions and solar array span-->
| power = <!--end-of-life power, in watts-->

<!--Launch details-->| launch_date = {{تاريخ بداية|1990|01|24|11|46|7=Z}}
| launch_rocket = [[Mu (rocket family)|Mu-3S-II]] (no. 5)
| launch_site = [[مركز أوشينورا الفضائي]]
| launch_contractor = <!--organisation(s) that conducted the launch (e.g. United Launch Alliance, Arianespace, etc)-->
| entered_service = <!--date on which the spacecraft entered service, if it did not do so immediately after launch-->
<!-- * - e.g. Proton-M/Briz-M not Proton-M, but Titan IV(401)A not Titan IV(401)A-Centaur-->

<!--end of mission-->| insignia_size = <!--include px/em; defaults to 180px-->
}} [[مركبة فضائية|المركبة الفضائية]] هايتن(ひ て ん ، {{أصد-ياباني|çiteɴ}}  ) ، نظرًا للاسم الإنجليزي '''العذراء السماوية'''  والمعروف قبل الإطلاق باسم  ( '''مركبة الفضاء هندسة الفضاء''') ، وهو جزء من برنامج ميوسيس  ، تم بناؤه بواسطة معهد علوم الفضاء والملاحة اليابانية وتم إطلاقه في 24 يناير 1990. كان هذا هو أول [[استكشاف القمر|مسبار قمري]] ياباني ، وأول [[استكشاف القمر|مسبار قمري]] روبوتي منذ [[لونا 24]] التابعة للاتحاد السوفيتي في عام 1976 ، و يعتبر أول مسبار قمري أطلقته دولة أخرى غير الولايات المتحدة أو الاتحاد السوفيتي.  

كان من المقرر وضع هايتن في مدار أرضي إهليلجي للغاية مع أوج يبلغ 476000 &nbsp; كم ، والتي ستتأرجح بعد القمر. ومع ذلك ، تم الحقن بعجز [[دلتا v|دلتا- v]] قدره 50 &nbsp; م / ث ، مما أدى إلى ذروة 290،000 فقط &nbsp; كم.  تم تصحيح النقص واستمر بمهمته . 

في أول هبوط على سطح القمر ،أطلقت  هايتن مركبة مدارية صغيرة ، '''هاغورومو''' (は ご ろ も ، سميت باسم عباءة ريش من ''هايتن'' ) ، إلى مدار القمر. فشل جهاز الإرسال في هاجورومو ، ولكن المركبة الدايرة الصغيرة تم تأكيد مدارها بصريًا من الأرض. بعد التأرجح الثامن ، أثبت [[كبح جوي|هايتن]] نجاح تقنية [[كبح جوي|الكبح الجوي]] في 19 مارس 1991 ، وحلقت على الأرض على ارتفاع 125.5 &nbsp; كيلومتر فوق المحيط الهادئ عند 11.0 &nbsp; كم / ثانية. أدى السحب الجوي إلى خفض السرعة بمقدار 1.712 &nbsp; م / ث وارتفاع الأوج بمقدار 8665 &nbsp; كم. <ref>{{استشهاد ويب
| مسار = https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/muses-a.htm
| عنوان = Muses A (Hiten)
| موقع = space.skyrocket.de
|مسار أرشيف= https://web.archive.org/web/20190716192019/https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/muses-a.htm|تاريخ أرشيف=2019-07-16}}</ref> كانت هذه هي أول مناورة الكبح الجوي بواسطة مسبار فضائي عميق.  {{صفحات مرجع|2}} بعد الجولة القمرية التاسعة والمناورة الكبح الجوي الثانية في 30 مارس 1991 ، تم الانتهاء من المهمة الرئيسية للمسبار.